Yes, most applicants are required to provide biometric data, including fingerprints and a photograph, when applying for a residence permit. This is used to produce your residence permit card, which acts as proof of your legal stay in Sweden.
If you apply from abroad (such as from Canada), you will be asked to visit a Swedish embassy or consulate to complete this step after your application is submitted. Children under the age of six are usually exempt from providing fingerprints but must still have a photograph taken.