Spouses on certain dependent visas may be eligible to work in the U.S. For instance, H-4 visa holders can apply for employment authorization if the H-1B principal has an approved immigrant petition (Form I-140) or has extended H-1B status under AC21 provisions. J-2 spouses can also apply for work authorization. However, spouses on F-2 visas are not permitted to work. It's essential to review the specific requirements and apply for employment authorization through USCIS where applicable.