Work authorization for dependents varies by visa category. For example, spouses on an H-4 visa may apply for employment authorization if the H-1B principal has an approved Form I-140 or has extended H-1B status beyond six years. Similarly, J-2 visa holders (dependents of J-1 exchange visitors) can apply for work authorization by submitting Form I-765 to USCIS. However, F-2 visa holders (dependents of F-1 students) are not permitted to work in the U.S.